Jury selection will resume Friday before opening statements at the court martial of the last US Marine charged over a notorious 2005 killing of civilians in Iraq.

Staff Sergeant Frank Wuterich pleaded not guilty Thursday at Camp Pendleton, California, where the first day of proceedings was spent questioning potential members of the panel which will decide his fate.

The 31-year-old faces nine counts of voluntary manslaughter and other charges for his role in 24 deaths, many of them women and children, in the Iraqi town of Haditha on November 19, 2005.

Acquittal expected

Legal observers expect Wuterich to be found not guilty of the most serious charges. "Voluntary manslaughter includes the element of criminal intent and this is difficult to prove in a war situation... soldiers even in good faith can kill civilians," according to international lawyer Geert Jan Knoops.

Under the Geneva Conventions civilians enjoy a high level of protection. "When the individuals involved are women and children there is an assumption in internetional law that they are civilians and not combatants". The construction of the current prosecution is not based on the Conventions however, and the case will be judged by military peers. "This is a military jury, not a civilian jury, and they may weigh the facts differently and sympathise with the soldier's situation," said Knoops.

Wuterich formally entered "not guilty" pleas to all charges, including counts of dereliction of duty and assault. If convicted of all the offenses at the month-long trial, he could be sentenced to more than 150 years in prison.

But his lead lawyer said he was confident the Iraq veteran would be exonerated.

"We're confident that the truth about Haditha will come out during the trial and that Staff Sergeant Wuterich will be acquitted of all charges," Neal Puckett told AFP ahead of the start of jury selection.

Legitimate action or rampage?

Wuterich, who had no previous combat experience, was the squad leader who sent his men into a village to hunt for insurgents following a roadside bombing that killed a fellow Marine and injured two other US troops.

Nineteen people were killed inside houses, along with five men who pulled up near the scene in a car, triggering one of the most controversial criminal cases involving the US military during the nearly nine-year-long Iraq war.

The Marines said after the violence in Haditha that 15 Iraqis had been killed by the roadside bomb that killed the American soldier.

But a subsequent investigation by Time magazine showed most of the dead were killed as Marines swept through three houses near the site of the bombing.

Lawyers for the Marines said insurgents hid behind civilian homes and opened fire, sparking a shootout that would fall within legal rules of engagement.

But military prosecutors said there were no such insurgents and that the Marines initiated a bloody three-hour rampage to avenge the death of their comrade.

The victims included 10 women or children killed at point-blank range.

Perception of justice

The other seven Marines charged in the case have been exonerated through various legal rulings, fuelling anger in Iraq, where authorities had pushed for US troops to be subject to Iraqi justice before the US pullout in December.

But Wuterich's attorneys have exhausted all possible appeals on behalf of their client, including an attempt to dismiss charges based on the forced retirement of one of the military defense attorneys.

Another ruling against the defense team allowed military prosecutors access to unaired portions of the CBS "60 Minutes" interview of Wuterich, which was conducted prior to charges being filed.

Wuterich remains on active duty at Camp Pendleton while awaiting resolution of his case.

He could be sentenced to life in prison, but military juries in Iraq-related Camp Pendleton trials have been reluctant to convict their peers or have recommended very light sentences.

Wuterich has asked for his jury to include enlisted personnel, and recent trials have included many Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. At least one third of the jury -- comprising at least five members -- must be enlisted personnel.