The UN-backed tribunal investigating the 2005 assassination of former Lebanese prime minister Rafiq Hariri has published the full indictment.

"The pre-trial judge has ordered that his decision confirming the indictment related to the 14 February 2005 attack, as well as the indictment itself, be made public," the Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL) said, in order to "proceed to trial."

Find the indictment here

STL prosecutor Daniel Bellemare welcomed the tribunal's order to unseal the indictment, saying preparations will push ahead for the trial of four Hezbollah members accused in the case.

"This order will finally inform the public and the victims about the facts alleged in the indictment regarding the commission of the crime that led to charging the four accused," Bellemare said in a statement.

Judge Daniel Fransen last month ordered confidentiality around the names and charges against Salim Ayyash, 47, Mustafa Badreddine, 50, Hussein Anaissi, 37 and Assad Sabra, 34, be partially dropped.

Ayyash and Badreddine face charges of "committing a terrorist act by means of an explosive device" and homicide, while Anaissi and Sabra faced charges of conspiring to commit the same acts.

Indictment

The Office of the Prosecutor at the STL has prepared the following brief overview of the indictment:

The Indictment charges the four following accused persons for their individual criminal responsibility in the attack against Rafik Hariri:

• Salim Jamil Ayyash,
• Mustafa Amine Badreddine (aka Sami Issa, Mustafa Youssef Badreddine, Elias Fouad Saab),
• Hussein Hassan Oneissi (aka Hussein Hassan Issa), and;
• Assad Hassan Sabra.

The evidence filed with the indictment (known as supporting material and comprising more than 20,000 pages) corroborates the following factual allegations and charges included in the indictment.

On the morning of 14 February 2005, Rafik Hariri, the former Prime Minister of Lebanon, departed his residence at Quraitem Palace in Beirut to attend a session of Parliament. As usual, he travelled in a convoy. An assassination team consisting of Ayyash and others positioned themselves in several locations where they were able to track and observe Hariri’s convoy. They had done such tracking of Hariri on previous days in preparation for the attack.

Before 11:00 that day, Hariri arrived at Parliament. Shortly before 12:00, Hariri left Parliament to go to Café Place de l’Étoile, located nearby, where he stayed for approximately 45 minutes, before leaving to go back to his residence. At 12:49, Hariri entered his vehicle accompanied by MP Bassel Fuleihan and the convoy then departed the Place de l’Étoile. Hariri and his security detail in a six-vehicle convoy started to drive back to Quraitem Palace via a coastal route, including Rue Minet el Hos’n. At 12:52, a Mitsubishi Canter van moved very slowly towards the St. Georges Hotel, located on Rue Minet el Hos’n.

Approximately two minutes ahead of the convoy, the Mitsubishi Canter van moved towards its final position on Rue Minet el Hos’n. At 12:55, as Hariri’s convoy passed the St. Georges Hotel, a male suicide bomber detonated a large quantity of explosives concealed in the cargo area of the Mitsubishi Canter van, killing Hariri and 21 other victims and injuring 231 persons.

Shortly after the explosion, Oneissi and Sabra, acting together, called Reuters and Al-Jazeera in Beirut. Then Sabra called Al-Jazeera again and gave information on where to find a videotape that had been placed in a tree at ESCWA Square in Beirut. The videotape was recovered together with a letter. In the video, which was later broadcast on television, a man named Ahmad Abu Adass falsely claimed to be the suicide bomber on behalf of a fictitious fundamentalist group using the name ‘Victory and Jihad in Greater Syria’.

As a result of the investigation which followed this attack, a significant amount of evidence was gathered, including witness statements, documentary evidence and electronic evidence (such as closed circuit television and telephone call data records). The evidence has led to the identification of some of the persons responsible for the attack on Hariri. Analysis of the call data records, for example, has revealed the users of a number of interconnected mobile phone networks involved in the assassination of Hariri. Each network consisted of a group of phones, usually registered under false names, whose users had a high frequency of contact with each other.

The Indictment charges all four accused with Conspiracy aimed at committing a Terrorist Act, as co-perpetrators (Count 1). Ayyash and Badreddine are charged (in Counts 2 to 5) with Committing a Terrorist Act by means of an explosive device, Intentional Homicide (of Hariri and the 21 other victims) with premeditation by using explosive materials, and Attempted Intentional Homicide (of those that survived but were injured) with premeditation by using explosive materials. Oneissi and Sabra are charged as being accomplices to the commission of the others’ offences (Counts 6 to 9). All charges in the Indictment are crimes under Lebanese criminal law.

The roles that the accused played in the attack were as follows. Badreddine served as the overall controller of the attack. Ayyash coordinated the assassination team that was responsible for the physical perpetration of the attack. Oneissi and Sabra, in addition to being conspirators, prepared and delivered the false claim of responsibility video, which sought to blame the wrong people, in order to shield the conspirators from justice.

It will be for the Trial Chamber to reach its own verdict after considering all the evidence at trial.